|
 |
|
 |
|
|
| | | | | | | |
|||||
| |
| Home » Topics » NCHS » 6 |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |
NCHS-6
The Development of the Industrial United States (1870-1900)
Resources:
History as Destiny: The Case of New York City
Relevant transcripts:
Relevant interactive tools:
Urban Crisis: Fire and Water
Relevant pages:
Relevant texts:
Relevant transcripts:
Relevant interactive tools:
Urban Crisis: Disease, Crime, and Space
Relevant pages:
Relevant texts:
Relevant transcripts:
Relevant interactive tools:
The Crisis of Victorianism
Relevant transcripts: Resource Type: Classroom Simulation In this simulation, a special congressional committee—the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Vietnam—will examine changes in U.S. foreign policy toward Vietnam from 1954 through 1975. The committee will investigate why the United States entered the war but failed to prevent the communist takeover of the Republic of South Vietnam. Students will impersonate historical characters who are called to testify before this fictitious Senate subcommittee. The historical characters will explain, from their perspective, why the United States entered the war, why it escalated its military involvement there, and then, despite the escalation, why it suffered defeat. Do the senators and journalists reporting on the investigation blame any one U.S. president? Or do they blame rather a wide range of circumstances both domestic and international? This simulation will expose students to a variety of conflicting interpretations of the U.S. role in Vietnam. Annual Report of the Interments Resource Type: Primary Source Dr. John Hoskins Griscom (1809–74), a Quaker physician, founded the New York Academy of Medicine and pioneered the field of public health. His advocacy for sanitation, medical care, and adequate housing led to the great reforms of the Progressive Era after the Civil War. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. A New Masculinity Resource Type: Point-Counterpoint Historians are grappling with the changing definitions of American male identity that developed at the end of the nineteenth century. Casey Blake argues that American men were looking for ways to "compensate" for what they regarded as the feminine elements of modern life, particularly those brought about by rapid urbanization and industrialization. In response, a new definition of manhood, what Blake terms "aggressive male individualism," emerged. A teacher examines the interpretations of Gail Bederman and Susan Curtis. Young Generation's Response to Victorian Culture Resource Type: Point-Counterpoint Casey Blake explains why the generation of educated Americans that came of age during the 1880s and 1890s rejected the Victorian culture of their parents, which focused on maintaining rigid control and creating an order to life. A teacher examines competing interpretations and finds that historian George Cotkin does not regard the break from Victorian culture as having been as dramatic as Blake and Lewis Erenberg insist. Science and Religion Resource Type: Point-Counterpoint Casey Blake argues that Americans in the late nineteenth century were excited about new scientific developments but were also somewhat fearful—or at least ambivalent—about how science might alter religious and moral values. Historians differ on the nature and extent of the tension between religious faith and a scientific approach to knowledge, which Americans sought to resolve. A teacher examines the subtleties of Charles Rosenberg, James Turner, and Paul Croce. Social Darwinism Resource Type: Point-Counterpoint The doctrine of Social Darwinism was historically interpreted in a variety of ways, and as such it was used to defend a host of ideological perspectives, which in some cases conflicted with one another. A teacher examines the competing interpretations of Richard Hofstadter, Robert Bannister, and Mike Hawkins. Moot Court: Central Park on Trial Resource Type: Classroom Simulation This simulation, a moot court, engages students in social and moral reform. By exploring how nineteeth-century social and political elites dispossessed various groups such as African Americans in order to build Central Park, students will understand how the present-day problems of gentrification and urban renewal have their roots in nineteeth-century reform. City Problems: Poverty and Slums Resource Type: Document-Based Question Exploring the cholera epidemic in mid-nineteenth century New York City, this selection of primary sources provides a case-study of immigration, urbanization (e.g., slums such as the Five Points), and social and moral reform that can be applied to the study of any city in the industrialized world. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. The Environmental Movements Resource Type: Document-Based Question The larger issues of western expansion, industrialization, urbanization, and progressivism are explored in this DBQ on the environmental movements that arose at the end of the nineteenth century. Women and the Progressive Era Resource Type: Document-Based Question The discussion of women at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century is often separated into different chapters and topics. This DBQ asks students to combine what they have learned about American society and about the changing roles and perceptions of women to evaluate the women's movement during the Progressive Era. Roosevelt on the Conservation Movement Resource Type: Primary Source In 1907, President Theodore Roosevelt explained in a speech to Congress the purpose of the Conservation Movement and how the government would seek to implement its goals. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Railroad Ad Resource Type: Primary Source This Northern Pacific Railroad advertisement appeared in a 1900 issue of Harper's Weekly. The advertisement promotes travel to Yellowstone National Park. Striking Shirtwaist-Makers Selling Socialist Newspaper Resource Type: Primary Source Many Jewish women were very involved in labor and socialist movements, as seen in this 1910 photograph of striking shirtwaist-makers selling copies of The Call, the New York socialist daily. Scientific Advances and Thinking Resource Type: Document-Based Question By the late-nineteenth century, science and scientific thought influenced American intellectual life and culture. The documents attached to this DBQ allow students to assess how the achievements of science were both admired and feared. Kodak Camera Ad Resource Type: Primary Source This advertisement for Kodak cameras appeared in a 1900 issue of the magazine Youth's Companion. Remington Typewriter Company Ad Resource Type: Primary Source In a 1905 advertisement, the Remington Typewriter Company used two letters by Mark Twain to illustrate how his attitude toward the typewriter had changed over a period of thirty years. Out in the Automobile Resource Type: Primary Source The comedian Arthur Collins and the tenor Byron Harlan wrote lyrics for many humorous songs. "Out in the Automobile" pokes fun at early-twentieth-century cars. The Principles of Scientific Management Resource Type: Primary Source Frederick W. Taylor was a mechanical engineer who wrote extensively about scientific management, a method of managing groups of people based on scientific principles, as part of progressive notions of efficiency. His ideas influenced business management theory in America and around the world. The Principles of Scientific Management is a collection of his essays published in 1911. Mechanized Home Laundry Resource Type: Primary Source This drawing dramatically illustrates the increasing mechanization of domestic life during the second decade of the twentieth century. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. The Political Economist and the Tramp Resource Type: Primary Source In this poem, Phillips Thompson pokes fun at certain notions of Social Darwinism. Sumner on Social Darwinism Resource Type: Primary Source William Graham Sumner was an American social scientist influenced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. Sumner applied Darwin's evolutionary theory to human society. Carnegie on Wealth Resource Type: Primary Source Andrew Carnegie made millions in the steel industry during the nineteeth century. While he was willing to share his wealth with those less fortunate than himself, he did set certain restrictions, as outlined in his 1889 article "Wealth." Evolution and Labor Movements Resource Type: Primary Source In this 1893 magazine, an unknown writer comments on Charles Darwin's theory of evolution as it applied to the labor movement. City Problems: Poverty and Slums Resource Type: Document-Based Question Exploring the cholera epidemic in mid-nineteenth century New York City, this selection of primary sources provides a case-study of immigration, urbanization (e.g., slums such as the Five Points), and social and moral reform that can be applied to the study of any city in the industrialized world. Petition to Have the Five Points Opened Resource Type: Primary Source Merchants owning property along the periphery of Five Points petitioned the municipal government in 1829 to demolish the heart of the slum by widening and extending Anthony and Cross Streets. Daily Tally of Cholera Victims Resource Type: Primary Source Due to overcrowding and poor sanitation, the Five Points slum suffered numerous casualties during outbreaks of disease, as this daily report taken during the 1832 cholera epidemic makes clear. Cholera Outbreak Resource Type: Primary Source This article, written during the cholera epidemic of 1832, conveyed the opinion that only certain social types contracted the deadly disease. Cholera Epidemic Editorial Resource Type: Primary Source As far away as New Hampshire, editorials denounced the New York cholera epidemic of 1832 as divine retribution for decadence and sin. Annual Report of the Interments Resource Type: Primary Source Dr. John Hoskins Griscom (1809–74), a Quaker physician, founded the New York Academy of Medicine and pioneered the field of public health. His advocacy for sanitation, medical care, and adequate housing led to the great reforms of the Progressive Era after the Civil War. Charles Dickens on the Five Points Resource Type: Primary Source The famed British writer Charles Dickens published his account of his 1842 visit to America, where he found evidence of England's superior class system in the squalor of New York's Five Points slum. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Tenement Slum Resource Type: Primary Source Jacob Riis, a reporter for the New York Sun newspaper, helped raise awareness about the conditions of the urban poor with his 1890 publication, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York. This book would later influence Theodore Roosevelt. Twenty Years at Hull House Resource Type: Primary Source Jane Addams, a leading social worker during the Progressive Era, founded the Hull House settlement for immigrants in Chicago in 1889. She wrote about her experiences there in Twenty Years at Hull House, published in 1910. Margaret Sanger on Working Women Resource Type: Primary Source Margaret Sanger became nationally famous for organizing a birth-control movement. In this 1915 issue of the International Socialist Review, Sanger discusses working women. Brooklyn Bridge Resource Type: Primary Source An important American modernist painter, John Marin (1870–1953) established his reputation with his work in watercolors. Although known for his landscape paintings, Marin expresses his interest in urban life in Brooklyn Bridge, which associates the excitement of New York with the famous bridge. The bridge connects Manhattan to Brooklyn and had been completed about thirty years earlier, in 1883. Sumner on Social Darwinism Resource Type: Primary Source William Graham Sumner was an American social scientist influenced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. Sumner applied Darwin's evolutionary theory to human society. Petition for Reservoir Rights Resource Type: Primary Source San Francisco petitioned Congress for use of the Hetch Hetchy area of Yosemite National Park for reservoir rights. The petition was presented at the congressional hearing before the Committee on the Public Lands of the House of Representatives. Fire Resource Type: Primary Source Since 1873, New York has had fireboxes on its streets. Disasters Resource Type: Primary Source Wreck of the steamboat General Slocum (June 15, 1904). Cities Deal with Water Resource Type: Primary Source Fairmount waterworks, Philadelphia (1874). The History of the City of New York—E-Seminar 4, Urban Crisis: Disease, Crime, and Space Resource Type: E-Seminar In this fourth in a series of eight e-seminars, Professor Kenneth T. Jackson, examines public space in New York and focuses on the creation of Central Park. He also discusses the creation of the Metropolitan Board of Health, the implementation of health and sanitary regulations as a response to outbreaks of cholera, and the founding of the New York City Police Department. The Draft Riots Resource Type: Primary Source Recruiting station for the Union Army, in City Hall Park (1864). Why the Farmers Revolted Resource Type: Primary Source This article appeared in the magazine Forum in 1893, during a time when many American farmers were facing great distress. Letter of a Woman Homesteader Resource Type: Primary Source Elinore Pruitt Stewart was one of many female homesteaders. In 1914, her letters were published in Letters of a Woman Homesteader. One letter, dated October 14, 1911, is reproduced below. Roosevelt on Physical Health Resource Type: Primary Source The future president, Theodore Roosevelt, discusses the importance of physical health and strength for American males. Why the Farmers Revolted Resource Type: Primary Source This article appeared in the magazine Forum in 1893, during a time when many American farmers were facing great distress. Railroad Ad Resource Type: Primary Source This Northern Pacific Railroad advertisement appeared in a 1900 issue of Harper's Weekly. The advertisement promotes travel to Yellowstone National Park. The Frontier in American History Resource Type: Primary Source After the 1890 census, the historian Frederick Jackson Turner wrote an essay on the role of the American frontier in shaping the American character. Reclamation Act / Newlands Act of 1902 Resource Type: Primary Source The Reclamation Act / Newlands Act of 1902 allowed the government to undertake irrigation projects to establish farms for relief of urban congestion. The bill was named for its author, Francis Griffith Newlands, Democratic Representative from Nevada. The Reclamation Service, created in July 1902, was established a month later and eventually became the Bureau of Reclamation. Petition for Reservoir Rights Resource Type: Primary Source San Francisco petitioned Congress for use of the Hetch Hetchy area of Yosemite National Park for reservoir rights. The petition was presented at the congressional hearing before the Committee on the Public Lands of the House of Representatives. City Problems: Poverty and Slums Resource Type: Document-Based Question Exploring the cholera epidemic in mid-nineteenth century New York City, this selection of primary sources provides a case-study of immigration, urbanization (e.g., slums such as the Five Points), and social and moral reform that can be applied to the study of any city in the industrialized world. Cholera Epidemic Editorial Resource Type: Primary Source As far away as New Hampshire, editorials denounced the New York cholera epidemic of 1832 as divine retribution for decadence and sin. Annual Report of the Interments Resource Type: Primary Source Dr. John Hoskins Griscom (1809–74), a Quaker physician, founded the New York Academy of Medicine and pioneered the field of public health. His advocacy for sanitation, medical care, and adequate housing led to the great reforms of the Progressive Era after the Civil War. Charles Dickens on the Five Points Resource Type: Primary Source The famed British writer Charles Dickens published his account of his 1842 visit to America, where he found evidence of England's superior class system in the squalor of New York's Five Points slum. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Women and the Progressive Era Resource Type: Document-Based Question The discussion of women at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century is often separated into different chapters and topics. This DBQ asks students to combine what they have learned about American society and about the changing roles and perceptions of women to evaluate the women's movement during the Progressive Era. Twenty Years at Hull House Resource Type: Primary Source Jane Addams, a leading social worker during the Progressive Era, founded the Hull House settlement for immigrants in Chicago in 1889. She wrote about her experiences there in Twenty Years at Hull House, published in 1910. Women and Social Reform Resource Type: Classroom Simulation In this simulation, students will be assigned the role of a prominent, late-nineteenth-century, middle-class American woman. The goal is to understand the changing perceptions and roles of women in Progressive-era America, as they took on leadership roles in a variety of associational groups such as the YWCA and the Red Cross. Social Darwinism Resource Type: Classroom Simulation This simulation captures American society in 1900 and presents a fictional meeting of educators. In their respective roles, students will debate the ways in which educational reform can improve American society. Students will understand how different strands of social-Darwinist thought informed American life, culture, and politics, imposing a legacy which continues to affect American education as well as the larger society. City Problems: Poverty and Slums Resource Type: Document-Based Question Exploring the cholera epidemic in mid-nineteenth century New York City, this selection of primary sources provides a case-study of immigration, urbanization (e.g., slums such as the Five Points), and social and moral reform that can be applied to the study of any city in the industrialized world. Cholera Outbreak Resource Type: Primary Source This article, written during the cholera epidemic of 1832, conveyed the opinion that only certain social types contracted the deadly disease. Cholera Epidemic Editorial Resource Type: Primary Source As far away as New Hampshire, editorials denounced the New York cholera epidemic of 1832 as divine retribution for decadence and sin. Annual Report of the Interments Resource Type: Primary Source Dr. John Hoskins Griscom (1809–74), a Quaker physician, founded the New York Academy of Medicine and pioneered the field of public health. His advocacy for sanitation, medical care, and adequate housing led to the great reforms of the Progressive Era after the Civil War. Charles Dickens on the Five Points Resource Type: Primary Source The famed British writer Charles Dickens published his account of his 1842 visit to America, where he found evidence of England's superior class system in the squalor of New York's Five Points slum. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Tenement Slum Resource Type: Primary Source Jacob Riis, a reporter for the New York Sun newspaper, helped raise awareness about the conditions of the urban poor with his 1890 publication, How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York. This book would later influence Theodore Roosevelt. Striking Shirtwaist-Makers Selling Socialist Newspaper Resource Type: Primary Source Many Jewish women were very involved in labor and socialist movements, as seen in this 1910 photograph of striking shirtwaist-makers selling copies of The Call, the New York socialist daily. Margaret Sanger on Working Women Resource Type: Primary Source Margaret Sanger became nationally famous for organizing a birth-control movement. In this 1915 issue of the International Socialist Review, Sanger discusses working women. Mrs. Marion Crocker on the Conservation Imperative Resource Type: Primary Source Mrs. Marion Crocker of the General Federation of Women's Clubs wholeheartedly endorsed the conservation movement, and the scientific basis on which it stood, in this 1912 speech to the Fourth Annual Conservation Congress. Principles of American Reform Judaism Resource Type: Primary Source In 1885, American Reform rabbis met in Pittsburgh to outline the basic principles of American Reform Judaism. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. Black Women and the National Council of Women Resource Type: Primary Source Adella Hunt Logan, a leading member of the Tuskegee Women's Club, argued on behalf of the National Association of Colored Women that black women should be included in the National Council of Women in the United States. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. The White Man's Burden Resource Type: Primary Source This cartoon, referring to Rudyard Kipling's poem of the same name, was published as the Spanish-American War ended and the insurrection in the Philippines against the Americans began. Exhibition of American Negroes at World's Fair Resource Type: Primary Source The Exhibition of American Negroes at the 1900 Paris World's Fair tried to show that blacks in America had become part of the American middle class. Board of Indian Commissioner Report Resource Type: Primary Source In this 1905 “Board of Indian Commissioner Report,” the federal government outlines its Indian policy. Sanger on Mammals Resource Type: Primary Source Margaret Sanger became a nationally famous social reformer. Here she teaches children about mammals. Cholera Epidemic Editorial Resource Type: Primary Source As far away as New Hampshire, editorials denounced the New York cholera epidemic of 1832 as divine retribution for decadence and sin. Annual Report of the Interments Resource Type: Primary Source Dr. John Hoskins Griscom (1809–74), a Quaker physician, founded the New York Academy of Medicine and pioneered the field of public health. His advocacy for sanitation, medical care, and adequate housing led to the great reforms of the Progressive Era after the Civil War. Sunshine and Shadow in New York Resource Type: Primary Source Sunshine and Shadow in New York, a mid-nineteenth-century publication, depicts New York City as two polar societies, one affluent and vibrant, and one poor and diseased. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. The Yellow Wall Paper Resource Type: Primary Source Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a well-educated American woman who became depressed after her marriage in 1884. Diagnosed with neurasthenia and prescribed the "rest-cure,"she later wrote about her experience in The Yellow Wall Paper, published in 1899. Black Women and the National Council of Women Resource Type: Primary Source Adella Hunt Logan, a leading member of the Tuskegee Women's Club, argued on behalf of the National Association of Colored Women that black women should be included in the National Council of Women in the United States. Letter of a Woman Homesteader Resource Type: Primary Source Elinore Pruitt Stewart was one of many female homesteaders. In 1914, her letters were published in Letters of a Woman Homesteader. One letter, dated October 14, 1911, is reproduced below. Margaret Sanger on Working Women Resource Type: Primary Source Margaret Sanger became nationally famous for organizing a birth-control movement. In this 1915 issue of the International Socialist Review, Sanger discusses working women. Marriage Rates of Alumnae Resource Type: Primary Source This table shows the marriage rates of women who graduated from a variety of American colleges during the period of 1820–1930. Growth of Woman's Christian Temperance Union Resource Type: Primary Source This 1959 chart shows the growth in membership of women involved in the movement to prohibit the consumption of alcohol. The Warfare of Science with Theology Resource Type: Primary Source Andrew D. White was an American educator who wrote about the controversial reactions to Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species in his book, A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom, published in 1896. Kodak Camera Ad Resource Type: Primary Source This advertisement for Kodak cameras appeared in a 1900 issue of the magazine Youth's Companion. Remington Typewriter Company Ad Resource Type: Primary Source In a 1905 advertisement, the Remington Typewriter Company used two letters by Mark Twain to illustrate how his attitude toward the typewriter had changed over a period of thirty years. Out in the Automobile Resource Type: Primary Source The comedian Arthur Collins and the tenor Byron Harlan wrote lyrics for many humorous songs. "Out in the Automobile" pokes fun at early-twentieth-century cars. Brooklyn Bridge Resource Type: Primary Source An important American modernist painter, John Marin (1870–1953) established his reputation with his work in watercolors. Although known for his landscape paintings, Marin expresses his interest in urban life in Brooklyn Bridge, which associates the excitement of New York with the famous bridge. The bridge connects Manhattan to Brooklyn and had been completed about thirty years earlier, in 1883. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. Sumner on Social Darwinism Resource Type: Primary Source William Graham Sumner was an American social scientist influenced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. Sumner applied Darwin's evolutionary theory to human society. Exhibition of American Negroes at World's Fair Resource Type: Primary Source The Exhibition of American Negroes at the 1900 Paris World's Fair tried to show that blacks in America had become part of the American middle class. Women and the Progressive Era Resource Type: Document-Based Question The discussion of women at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century is often separated into different chapters and topics. This DBQ asks students to combine what they have learned about American society and about the changing roles and perceptions of women to evaluate the women's movement during the Progressive Era. Striking Shirtwaist-Makers Selling Socialist Newspaper Resource Type: Primary Source Many Jewish women were very involved in labor and socialist movements, as seen in this 1910 photograph of striking shirtwaist-makers selling copies of The Call, the New York socialist daily. The Rebel Girl Resource Type: Primary Source Joe Hill, lyricist and labor activist, wrote songs for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), including this tribute to the women involved in the IWW. Sumner on Social Darwinism Resource Type: Primary Source William Graham Sumner was an American social scientist influenced by Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. Sumner applied Darwin's evolutionary theory to human society. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Fire Resource Type: Primary Source Since 1873, New York has had fireboxes on its streets. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. The Political Economist and the Tramp Resource Type: Primary Source In this poem, Phillips Thompson pokes fun at certain notions of Social Darwinism. Evolution and Labor Movements Resource Type: Primary Source In this 1893 magazine, an unknown writer comments on Charles Darwin's theory of evolution as it applied to the labor movement. City Problems: Poverty and Slums Resource Type: Document-Based Question Exploring the cholera epidemic in mid-nineteenth century New York City, this selection of primary sources provides a case-study of immigration, urbanization (e.g., slums such as the Five Points), and social and moral reform that can be applied to the study of any city in the industrialized world. How the Other Half Lives Resource Type: Primary Source Newspaper reporters, such as Jacob Riis (1849–1914), played an instrumental role in exposing the destitution and misery of New York's immigrant and working-class neighborhoods. Margaret Sanger on Working Women Resource Type: Primary Source Margaret Sanger became nationally famous for organizing a birth-control movement. In this 1915 issue of the International Socialist Review, Sanger discusses working women. Growth of Woman's Christian Temperance Union Resource Type: Primary Source This 1959 chart shows the growth in membership of women involved in the movement to prohibit the consumption of alcohol. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. The Environmental Movements Resource Type: Document-Based Question The larger issues of western expansion, industrialization, urbanization, and progressivism are explored in this DBQ on the environmental movements that arose at the end of the nineteenth century. Social Darwinism: Its Influence and Legacy Resource Type: Document-Based Question Social Darwinism is usually understood as an ideology that justified survival of the fittest, that argued against government intervention or social reform to improve society. The documents in this DBQ, however, point to the complexity of social-Darwinist thought, considering how a progressive version fueled the Progressive Era and how a conservative strand exerted tremendous influence in American political thought. Board of Indian Commissioner Report Resource Type: Primary Source In this 1905 “Board of Indian Commissioner Report,” the federal government outlines its Indian policy. The White Man's Burden Resource Type: Primary Source This cartoon, referring to Rudyard Kipling's poem of the same name, was published as the Spanish-American War ended and the insurrection in the Philippines against the Americans began. | |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| © Columbia University 2004 | Help | About | Subscribe | Feedback |
| CAHO is being provided to you for your own use. Any copying or distribution of CAHO materials is prohibited. |
